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分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用-创新互联

简介

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MogileFS是一个开源的分布式文件存储系统,由LiveJournal旗下的DangaInteractive公司开发。Danga团队开发了包括Memcached、MogileFS、Perlbal等多个知名的开源项目。

特性

 1、应用层:用户空间文件系统,无须特殊的核心组件

 2、无单点:(tracker, mogstore, database(MySQL))

 3、自动文件复制:复制的最小单位不是文件,而class;

 4、传输中立,无特殊协议:可以通过NFS或HTTP进行通信;

  5、简单的命名空间: 每个文件对应一个key:用于domain定义名称空间

组成部分

MogileFS:

    tracker:追踪元数据

    database:存储元数据

   storage:存储数据

 tracker:

       mogilefsd(守护进程),职责:

        replication:节点之间的文件复制

        deletion:删除文件

        queryworker:响应客户请求的文件元数据访问请求

        reaper:在存储失败后将文件复制请求重新放置于队列中

        monitor:检测主机和设备的健康状态

database:

     存储mogilefs的元数据,一般使用mysql,建议使用冗余方案保证可用性(MMM,MHA)

     mogilefs专门提供了数据结构管理工具mogdbsetup;

storage:

     mogstored(进程名),一个准备停当的mogstored节点可通过mogadm命令添加至现在的集群中,

     存储节点需定义“设备dev”用作存储空间;每个设备在当前集群中需通过一个唯一的DevID标识。

client:

          客户端用于与mogilefs简历通信,完成数据存取;

安装包:

MogileFS-Server-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm

MogileFS-Server-mogilefsd-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm

MogileFS-Server-mogstored-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm

MogileFS-Utils-2.19-1.el6.noarch.rpm

perl-MogileFS-Client-1.14-1.el6.noarch.rpm

perl-Net-Netmask-1.9015-8.el6.noarch.rpm

perl-Perlbal-1.78-1.el6.noarch.rpm

架构:

分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用

1.安装mogilefs和数据库

# ls

MogileFS-Server-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm           perl-MogileFS-Client-1.14-1.el6.noarch.rpm

MogileFS-Server-mogilefsd-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm perl-Net-Netmask-1.9015-8.el6.noarch.rpm

MogileFS-Server-mogstored-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm perl-Perlbal-1.78-1.el6.noarch.rpm

MogileFS-Utils-2.19-1.el6.noarch.rpm

# yumlocalinstall *.rpm -y

# yum install mysql-server mysql -y

2.数据库授权远程访问,并继承授权权限

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.95.%' identified by 'liaobin' with grant option;

mysql> flush privileges;

3.创建mofilefs的数据库用户以及授权

mysql> grant all on *.* to mguser@'192.168.95.%' identified by 'liaobin';

mysql> flush privileges;

4.用mogilefs自带工具mogdbsetup初始化mogilefs数据库

# mogdbsetup --dbhost=192.168.95.30 --dbname=mogilefs --dbrootuser=root --dbrootpass=liaobin --dbuser=mguser --dbpass=liaobin --yes

查看初始化的数据库

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database          |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mogilefs          |

| mysql             |

| test              |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

5.修改tracker(mogilefsd)配置文件

# vim /etc/mogilefs/mogilefsd.conf

# Enable daemon mode to work in background and use syslog

daemonize = 1

# Where to store the pid of the daemon (must be the same in the init script)

pidfile = /var/run/mogilefsd/mogilefsd.pid

# Database connection information

db_dsn = DBI:mysql:mogilefs:host=192.168.95.30  #配置database的连接信息

db_user = mguser                                                           #配置mogilefs的数据库用户密码

db_pass = liaobin

# IP:PORT to listen on for mogilefs client requests

listen = 0.0.0.0:7001                                         #配置监听的地址和端口

# Optional, if you don't define the port above.

conf_port = 7001

# Number of query workers to start by default.

query_jobs = 10                                                              #生成多少个用于查询的工作进程

# Number of delete workers to start by default.

delete_jobs = 1                                                               #生成多少个用于删除的工作进程

# Number of replicate workers to start by default.

replicate_jobs = 5                                                          #生成多少个用于删除的工作进程

# Number of reaper workers to start by default.

# (you don't usually need to increase this)

reaper_jobs = 1

# Number of fsck workers to start by default.

# (these can cause a lot of load when fsck'ing)

#fsck_jobs = 1

# Minimum amount of space to reserve in megabytes

# default: 100

# Consider setting this to be larger than the largest file you

# would normally be uploading.

#min_free_space = 200

# Number of seconds to wait for a storage node to respond.

# default: 2

# Keep this low, so busy storage nodes are quickly ignored.

#node_timeout = 2

# Number of seconds to wait to connect to a storage node.

# default: 2

# Keep this low so overloaded nodes get skipped.

#conn_timeout = 2

# Allow replication to use the secondary node get port,

# if you have apache or similar configured for GET's

#repl_use_get_port = 1

6.启动mogilefsd服务

[root@localhost mgfs]# /etc/init.d/mogstored start

7.为每个节点新增加分区,作为存储

# fdisk /dev/sda

.........

# partx -a /dev/sda

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda5

# mkdir /mgfs

# vim /etc/fstab

#新增如下条目

/dev/sda5                /mgfs                        ext4        defaults        0 0

#mount -a

# mount

/dev/sda5 on /mgfs type ext4 (rw)

8.三台服务器分别创建存储目录,并修改权限

95.30:

# mkdir /mgfs/dev1

# chown -R /mgfs/dev1

95.34:

# mkdir /mgfs/dev2

# chown -R /mgfs/dev2

95.35:

# mkdir /mgfs/dev3

# chown -R /mgfs/dev3

9.修改store(mogstored)的配置文件

#vim /etc/mogilefs/mogstored.conf

maxconns = 10000

httplisten = 0.0.0.0:7500

mgmtlisten = 0.0.0.0:7501

#注意此处,写到dev(1,2,3)的上级目录就好

docroot = /mgfs

10.启动mogstored服务

# /etc/init.d/mogstored start

11.用mogadm管理

创建存储主机:

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host add store1 --ip=192.168.95.30

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host add store2 --ip=192.168.95.34

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host add store3 --ip=192.168.95.35

查看创建的主机:

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host list

创建存储设备:

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device add store1 1 --status=alive

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device add store2 2 --status=alive

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device add store3 3 --status=alive

查看创建的存储设备:

# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device list

创建域domain:

mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 domain add img

mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 domain add conf

查看创建的域:

mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 domain list

上传文件测试:

mogupload --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 --domain=img --key="1.jpg" --file="/root/1.jpg"

查看上传的文件:

# mogfileinfo --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 --domain=img --key="1.jpg"

- file: 1.jpg

    class:             default

 devcount:                   2

   domain:                 img

      fid:                   9

      key:               1.jpg

   length:               34892

 - http://192.168.95.35:7500/dev3/0/000/000/0000000009.fid

 - http://192.168.95.30:7500/dev1/0/000/000/0000000009.fid

用fid的url访问测试:

分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用

正常访问

nginx反向代理mogilefs

1.安装nginx和mogilefs模块

安装好开发环境:

#yum groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development" -y

# yum install pcre-devel -y

下载解压nginx包和mogilefs包:

分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用

开始编译安装:

#cd nginx-1.6.2

# ./configure \

 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \

 --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \

 --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \

 --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \

 --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \

 --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \

 --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \

 --user=nginx \

 --group=nginx \

 --with-http_ssl_module \

 --with-http_flv_module \

 --with-http_stub_status_module \

 --with-http_gzip_static_module \

 --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \

 --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \

 --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \

 --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \

 --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \

 --with-pcre --add-module=../nginx_mogilefs_module-1.0.4

# make && make install

给nginx创建服务脚本

# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/sh

#

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon

#

# chkconfig:  - 85 15

# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

#              proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config:     /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# config:     /etc/sysconfig/nginx

# pidfile:    /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {

  # make required directories

  user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`

  options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`

  for opt in $options; do

      if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then

          value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`

          if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then

              # echo "creating" $value

              mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value

          fi

      fi

  done

}

start() {

   [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

   [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

   make_dirs

   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

   daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

   retval=$?

   echo

   [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

   return $retval

}

stop() {

   echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

   killproc $prog -QUIT

   retval=$?

   echo

   [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

   return $retval

}

restart() {

   configtest || return $?

   stop

   sleep 1

   start

}

reload() {

   configtest || return $?

   echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

   killproc $nginx -HUP

   RETVAL=$?

   echo

}

force_reload() {

   restart

}

configtest() {

 $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

   status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

   rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

   start)

       rh_status_q && exit 0

       $1

       ;;

   stop)

       rh_status_q || exit 0

       $1

       ;;

   restart|configtest)

       $1

       ;;

   reload)

       rh_status_q || exit 7

       $1

       ;;

   force-reload)

       force_reload

       ;;

   status)

       rh_status

       ;;

   condrestart|try-restart)

       rh_status_q || exit 0

           ;;

   *)

       echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

       exit 2

esac

给予执行权限:

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

创建nginx用户和必须目录:

# useradd -r nginx

# mkdir /var/tmp/nginx/client -pv

修改nginx配置文件让其支持mogilefs反向代理(红色字体为添加项):

# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user nobody;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid       logs/nginx.pid;

events {

   worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

   include      mime.types;

   default_type application/octet-stream;

   #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

   #                 '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

   #                 '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

   #access_log logs/access.log main;

   sendfile       on;

   #tcp_nopush    on;

   #keepalive_timeout 0;

   keepalive_timeout 65;

   #gzip on;

   upstream stores {

server 192.168.95.30:7001;

server 192.168.95.34:7001;

server 192.168.95.35:7001;

   }

   server {

       listen      80;

       server_name localhost;

       #charset koi8-r;

       #access_log logs/host.access.log main;

       location / {

           root  html;

           index index.html index.htm;

       }

location /img/ {

mogilefs_tracker stores;

mogilefs_domain img;

                 mogilefs_pass {

proxy_pass $mogilefs_path;

proxy_hide_header Content-Type;

proxy_buffering off;

}

}

location /upload/ {

mogilefs_tracker stores;

mogilefs_domain img;

mogilefs_methods PUT GET DELETE;

                 mogilefs_pass {

proxy_pass $mogilefs_path;

proxy_hide_header Content-Type;

proxy_buffering off;

}

}

       #error_page 404             /404.html;

}

用路径访问测试nginx代理:

分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用

再上传一个文件测试:

# mogupload --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 --domain=img --key="2.jpg" --file="/root/2.jpg"

分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用

测试删除文件:

# curl -X DELETE http://192.168.95.34/upload/1.jpg

分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用

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